Friday, August 13th, 2010 | Author: admin

English gardens had degenerated into meaningless repetitions of French and Dutch fashions because of the end from the seventeenth century. Conventional plans have been mimicked or exaggerated until the formal manner became merely an affected mannerism. Finally, nothing remaining but the defects in the old technique, a reaction resulted in its entire destruction. On the ruins was created the Landscape Back garden, within the strict meaning of the word no back garden at all, but a stretch of cultivated scenery.

The English — perhaps mainly because they had most abused the conventional program — were the first to raise an outcry against formal gardening. Formality could surely be carried to no greater excess; it was logical to seek beauty in a contrary extreme. Freedom from each restraint was the gospel of the new school. Kent, its leader according to Walpole, was the very first to jump outside the fence and insist that the yard needs to be “set totally free from its prim regularity, as well as the gentle stream taught to serpentize.” His method, as described by Lord Kames, was, “to paint a field with gorgeous objects, normal and artificial, disposed like colors upon a canvas.”

It requires certainly a lot more genius to paint within the gardening way: in forming a landscape upon a canvas, no much more is needed but to adjust the figures to each other. An artist who lays out grounds in Kent’s way has an additional task: he ought to adjust the figures towards the many varieties of the field.

In plain words, absolutely nothing remained with the old style inside new gardens. These latter consisted of smooth lawns of grass, diversified by clumps of trees, and intersected by curved paths or irregular pieces of water. Nature was said to abhor a straight line; hence walks and brooks have been always laid out in “serpentine meanders.”

Marks of decay are often to be seen in nature; Kent reproduced this effect by planting dead trees and stumps. These attempts to generate a beautiful wilderness often resulted in practically nothing but a confused mass of disorder, and were definitely received with ridicule even from the sentimentalists.

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